Pierre d’Estaing was a French man acting as papal vicar-general in the Papal State of Bologna. Italians feared that Pierre d’Estaing would expand the papal states into Tuscany. In 1371, Pierre d’Estaing took control of Perugia but failed at maintaining it, in 1372 Gerard du Puy was charged with control of Perugia.1 Pierre d’Estaing had interactions with the Riformatori in Siena and Birgitta of Sweden kept in contact with both Pierre d’Estaing and Gerard du Puy towards the end of her life.